GUI编程

GUI编程(纯属个人喜好)

窗口、弹窗、面板、文本框、列表框、按钮、图片、监听事件、鼠标、键盘事件、破解工具

1.简介

GUI核心技术：Swing 、AWT、界面不美观

GUI编程的学习主要是一些思想：MVC架构，了解监听

2.AWT

2.1简单介绍

awt是抽象的窗口工具，包含了很多的类和接口。

组件Component：基本组件button、textArea、Label等；容器有Container，Window(Frame、Dialog)和面板(Applet)

2.1组件

1.Frame

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像界面窗口");
        // 设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // 设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        // 设置背景颜色
        // Color color = new Color();
        frame.setBackground(new Color(85, 105, 68));
        // 弹出初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        // 设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }

多个Frame

public class TestFrame2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame frame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame frame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame frame4 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.darkGray);
        MyFrame frame3 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.gray);
    }

}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0;// 可能存在多个窗口

    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color) {
        super("Myframe" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2.Pannel

//Pannel 可以看做是一个空间，不能单独存在，需要嵌入frame中
public class TestPannel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        // 布局
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        // 设置布局,布局出设置需要设置frame的布局，否则会被覆盖
        frame.setLayout(null);
        // frame设置坐标
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(40, 161, 35));

        // panel设置坐标
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(193, 15, 60));
        // frame中嵌入面板
        frame.add(panel);
        // 设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // 监听事件，监听窗口关闭时间,采用的是适配器模式，只需要实现自己需要的方法计科
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

3.布局管理器

流式布局

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn1");
        // 设置流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        // 添加按钮
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);

        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

东西南北中布局：

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("布局管理");
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button south = new Button("south");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        // 将按钮放入窗体中
        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //设置窗口的大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        //设置窗口的位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // 添加关闭事件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

GridLayout

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("布局管理");
        Button east = new Button("按钮1");
        Button west = new Button("按钮2");
        Button north = new Button("按钮3");
        Button south = new Button("按钮4");
        Button center = new Button("按钮5");
        // 设置按钮填入三行两列的形式
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));
        // 将按钮放入窗体中
        frame.add(east);
        frame.add(west);
        frame.add(north);
        frame.add(south);
        frame.add(center);
        // java的函数
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // 设置位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        // 设置大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        // 设置窗口关闭事件监听
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

练习题：

自己先编写，代码：

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("练习小窗口");
        // 设置大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        // 设置位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        // 创建按钮
        Button btn1 = new Button("button1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("button2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("button3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("button4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("button5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("button6");
        Button btn7 = new Button("button7");
        Button btn8 = new Button("button8");
        Button btn9 = new Button("button9");
        Button btn10 = new Button("button10");

        // 创建两个pannel用来存放按钮
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        // 设置背景颜色
        panel1.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
        panel2.setBackground(Color.DARK_GRAY);
        // 一次向frame嵌入组件
        frame.add(btn1);
        // 嵌入panel组件
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        // 嵌入panel组件
        frame.add(panel2);
        panel1.add(btn5);
        panel1.add(btn6);
        panel2.add(btn7);
        panel2.add(btn8);
        panel2.add(btn9);
        panel2.add(btn10);
        frame.add(btn4);
        // 设置窗大小
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // 设置窗体两行三列
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 3));

        // 设置窗口关闭监听事件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

4.事件监听

public class TestActiontwo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("事件监听");
        Button btn1 = new Button("start");
        Button btn2 = new Button("stop");

        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);

        btn1.setActionCommand("task.start");
        btn2.setActionCommand("task.stop");
        // 两个按钮共享一个事件
        MyMoniter monitor = new MyMoniter();

        btn1.addActionListener(monitor);
        btn2.addActionListener(monitor);

        frame.add(btn1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(btn2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }

    public static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

class MyMoniter implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击：msg = " + e.getActionCommand());
    }

}

文本框练习：

public class TestText01 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame frame = new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    public MyFrame() {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        // 监听文字输入文本框
        MyActionListener2 action = new MyActionListener2();
        // 回车键按下时，会触发该事件发生
        textField.addActionListener(action);
        // 替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setSize(400, 400);
        setLocation(200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        // 获取一些资源
        TextField text = (TextField) e.getSource();
        System.out.println(text.getText());
        text.setText("");
    }
}

小练习：一个label、三个text、一个按钮制作一个简单的+法操作

package com.itxing.lession02;

import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

/**
 * @Class_Name CaculateDemo
 * @Class_Desc (简单的小实验)
 * @author it星
 * @date 2020年5月27日下午3:52:59
 * @Version
 */
public class CaculateDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Caclutate().loadFrame();
    }

}

//设计计算器类
class Caclutate extends Frame {

    TextField num1 = null;
    TextField num2 = null;
    TextField num3 = null;

    public void loadFrame() {
        // 三个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(20);
        // 一个按钮
        Button btn = new Button("=");
        // 一个便签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        // 布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        // 按钮添加监听事件
        btn.addActionListener(new MyCaculAction(this));

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(btn);
        add(num3);

        setSize(500, 300);
        setLocation(200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        // 窗口关闭时间
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//使用组合模式
class MyCaculAction implements ActionListener {
    // 获取三个变量
    // private TextField num1, num2, num3;
    Caclutate caclu = null;

    MyCaculAction(Caclutate caclu) {
        this.caclu = caclu;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        // 获取加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(caclu.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(caclu.num2.getText());
        // 获取+运算后放入第三个框
        caclu.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
        // 删除前两个框的内容
        caclu.num1.setText("");
        caclu.num2.setText("");
    }
}

public class TestPaint {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {
    public void loadFrame() {

        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);

        setVisible(true);

        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        // 空心圆
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        // g.drawOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
        g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
        g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.fillRect(200, 200, 100, 100);
        // 画笔用完将其还原

    }
}

鼠标监听事件：

package com.itxing.lession03;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * @Class_Name TestMouseListener
 * @Class_Desc (鼠标监听,画笔每次只能画一次，因此每次点击完需要重新repaint)
 * @author it星
 * @date 2020年5月27日下午4:09:12
 * @Version
 */
public class TestMouseListener {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("鼠标点击事件");
    }

}

//自己的窗体类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    ArrayList<Point> points = null;

    public MyFrame(String name) {
        super(name);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        // 存储鼠标点击的位置
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);
        // 鼠标监听事件
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
        // 窗口关闭事件
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        // 画笔,监听事件
        Iterator<Point> iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Point point = iterator.next();
            // g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }

    // 添加一个点到画板上
    public void addPaint(Point point) {
        points.add(point);
    }

    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            // 点击时，界面画笔上产生一个点
            addPaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            // 鼠标点击后重新绘制
            frame.repaint();
        }
    }

}

窗口监听：

package com.itxing.lession03;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }

}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        // addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("您点击关闭");
                System.exit(0);
            }

            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("被激活");
                System.out.println("windowsActivited");
            }
        });
    }

    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            setVisible(false);// 隐藏窗口
            System.exit(0);// 正常退出
        }
    }
}

键盘监听：

package com.itxing.lession03;

import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TextKeyListener {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }

}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                // 当前键盘的编码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
                    System.out.println("您按了上键");
                }
            }
        });
    }

}

3.Swing

Swing对awt进行了封装

package com.itxing.swinglession;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;

public class JframeDemo02 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe2().init();
    }
}

class MyJframe2 extends JFrame {
    public void init() {
        this.setBounds(10, 10, 200, 300);
        this.setVisible(true);
        // 设置文字
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎来到java的学习");
        this.add(jLabel);
        // 让文本标签居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        // 获取一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

弹窗：

package com.itxing.swinglession;

import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;

/**
 * @Class_Name DialogDemo
 * @Class_Desc (弹窗设置)
 * @author 冯雁星
 * @date 2020年5月27日下午5:43:18
 * @Version
 */
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 200, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        // JFrame
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        // 按钮
        JButton btn = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
        btn.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);

        // 点击按钮创建一个弹窗
        btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                // 弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });

        container.add(btn);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }

}

class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog {
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        container.add(new Label("好好学习天天向上"));
    }
}

标签：JLabel

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIconDemo");

        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("dog1.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

面板：JPanel

package com.itxing.swingpanel;

import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));

        // 获取容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        // 添加组件
        // 创建按钮组件放入Panel中
        JButton jButton1 = new JButton("1");
        JButton jButton2 = new JButton("2");
        JButton jButton3 = new JButton("3");
        jPanel1.add(jButton1);
        jPanel1.add(jButton2);
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("5"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("6"));
        jPanel1.add(jButton3);
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("7"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("8"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("9"));

        contentPane.add(jPanel1);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200, 200, 300, 300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPane侧边栏滚动条

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("你好，java工程师必须要走的路");

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

按钮(单选按钮、多选按钮)

图片按钮:

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    JButtonDemo01() {
        Container contain = this.getContentPane();
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("3.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        // 把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton jbutton = new JButton();
        jbutton.setIcon(icon);
        jbutton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        contain.add(jbutton);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(300, 300, 300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选框：

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    JButtonDemo02() {
        Container contain = this.getContentPane();
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("3.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        // 把这个图标放在按钮上
        JRadioButton jbtn1 = new JRadioButton("btn1");
        JRadioButton jbtn2 = new JRadioButton("btn2");
        JRadioButton jbtn3 = new JRadioButton("btn3");

        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(jbtn1);
        group.add(jbtn2);
        group.add(jbtn3);

        contain.add(jbtn1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contain.add(jbtn2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contain.add(jbtn3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

多选框：

public class MulButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    MulButtonDemo() {
        Container contain = this.getContentPane();
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("3.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        // 把这个图标放在按钮上
        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox3 = new JCheckBox("checkBox3");

        contain.add(jCheckBox1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contain.add(jCheckBox2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contain.add(jCheckBox3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MulButtonDemo();
    }
}

列表：

//下拉框
public class TestComboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    TestComboxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox jComBox = new JComboBox();
        jComBox.addItem(null);
        jComBox.addItem("唱");
        jComBox.addItem("跳");
        jComBox.addItem("rap");
        jComBox.addItem("篮球");

        container.add(jComBox);

        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboxDemo01();
    }
}

//列表框
public class TestListDemo02 extends JFrame {
    TestListDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        // 生成列表元素，并将其加入到列表控件
        Vector<Object> content = new Vector<>();
        content.add("课程1");
        content.add("课程2");
        content.add("课程3");
        JList jList = new JList(content);

        container.add(jList);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestListDemo02();
    }
}

文本框以及密码框：

public class JTextDemo extends JFrame {
    JTextDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        // 文本框
        JTextField jtext = new JTextField("Hello");
        JTextField jtext2 = new JTextField("world", 20);
        // 密码框
        JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField();
        password.setEchoChar('*');
        container.add(jtext, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(password, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jtext2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JTextDemo();
    }
}

小游戏贪吃蛇小游戏：狂神说java

推荐看秦老师的视频学习，通俗易懂，还是要多看书，多看底层知识。